用于混凝土保护涂层的有机硅改性丙烯酸乳液的研制

采用化学改性的方法将丙烯酸树脂用有机硅改性,合成了一种新型的混凝土保护材料,并就合成过程当中的一些问题进行了分析讨论。     

改性聚氨酯弹性体性能研究（1）

研究并合成了单组分丙烯酸有机硅烷改性聚氨酯弹性密封胶，阐述了丙烯酸酯共聚物、有机硅烷、异氰酸酯以及填料对弹性体力学性能的影响和变化规律。     

聚合物水泥防水涂料的研制及其成膜机理

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为原料,以非离子乳化剂和阴离子乳化剂的混合乳化剂为乳化体系,过硫酸铵为引发剂,引入甲基丙烯酸(MAA)功能性单体,通过采用种子乳液聚合工艺,控制聚合物乳液的玻璃化温度,制备出性能优良的丙烯酸酯乳液,确定适合聚合物水泥防水涂料的聚合物乳液的较佳配方。研究了液粉比对聚合物水泥防水涂料拉伸性能和低温柔性的影响。同时还探讨了聚合物水泥防水涂料的成膜机理。     

Urinary mercury in people living near point sources of mercury emissions

As part of the European Mercury Emissions from Chlor Alkali Plants (EMECAP) project, we tested the hypothesis that contamination of ambient air with mercury around chlor alkali plants using mercury cells would increase the internal dose of mercury in people living close to the plants. Mercury in urine (U-Hg) was determined in 225 individuals living near a Swedish or an Italian chlor alkali plant, and in 256 age- and sex-matched individuals from two reference areas. Other factors possibly affecting mercury exposure were examined. Emissions and concentrations of total gaseous mercury (TGM) around the plants were measured and modeled. No increase in U-Hg could be demonstrated in the populations living close to the plants. This was the case also when the comparison was restricted to subjects with no dental amalgam and low fish consumption. The emissions of mercury to air doubled the background level, but contributed only about 2 ng/m(3) to long-term averages in the residential areas. The median U-Hg levels in subjects with dental amalgam were 1.2 microg/g creatinine (micro/gC) in Italy and 0.6 microg/gC in Sweden. In individuals without dental amalgam, the medians were 0.9 microg/gC and 0.2 microg/gC, respectively. The number of amalgam fillings, as well as chewing, fish consumption, and female sex were associated with higher U-Hg. The difference between the countries is probably due to higher fish consumption in Italy, demethylated methyl mercury (MeHg) being partly excreted in urine. Post hoc power calculations showed that if the background mercury exposure is low it may be possible to demonstrate an increase in U-Hg of as little as about 10 ng/m(3) as a contribution to ambient mercury from a point source.     

苯乙烯—丙烯酸酯类乳液在涂料中的应用与发展

本文在揭示苯丙乳液的组成、以及该组成与其性质之间关系的基础上 ,提出苯丙乳液的微粒化是实现其高功能化的重要途径。对研究中可能出现的问题提出了解决的办法 ,并进行了论证。     

Combustion characteristics of the direct injection diesel engine fuelled with corn oil methyl ester

Petroleum-based fuels is a finite resource that is rapidly depleting. Consequently, petroleum reserves are not sufficient enough to last many years. In this research, an experimental investigation has been performed to give insight into the potential of biodiesel as an alternative fuel for direct injection (DI) diesel engines. The experimental work has been carried out to estimate the combustion characteristics of a single-cylinder, four-stroke, DI diesel engine fuelled with corn oil methyl ester (COME) and diesel blends. The COME was preheated to temperatures namely 50°C, 70°C and 90°C before it was supplied to the engine. The optimised preheated temperature of 70°C was chosen based on the higher brake thermal efficiency and lower specific fuel consumption. The performance, emission and combustion characteristics are evaluated by running the engine with COME and diesel blends at this preheated temperature. In this paper, the combustion characteristics are only discussed. The combustion characteristics such as ignition delay, maximum rate of pressure, heat release rate, cumulative heat release rate, mass fraction burned and combustion duration of COME methyl ester and diesel were evaluated and compared with neat diesel. The rate of pressure rise and maximum combustion pressure inside the cylinder were high for COME blends compared with neat diesel. The heat release rate of diesel is higher compared with COME blends. The ignition delay and combustion duration are decreased for COME blends compared with neat diesel. The cumulative heat release rate and mass fraction burnt of COME blends are higher than neat diesel.     

含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液的合成及涂膜性能研究

采用核-壳乳液聚合法制备了含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液,讨论了含氟单体——甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯(HFMA)用量、复合乳化剂体系用量、引发剂用量、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)用量、聚合反应温度、反应时间、搅拌速度对聚合反应最终单体转化率以及乳液聚合稳定性的影响;测试了涂膜的吸水率和乳液的黏度,以考察涂膜的耐水性。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对乳胶膜的组成和结构进行表征,结果表明,含氟单体HFMA通过接枝共聚反应与丙烯酸酯进行了有效的结合。     

水乳型丙烯酸酯类阻燃涂料的合成与性能

采用乳液聚合的方法合成了一种以TBPMI为阻燃剂的水乳型丙烯酸酯阻燃涂料,并对该涂料的硬度、附着力、耐热性和阻燃性进行了测试分析。研究结果表明,该涂料的耐热阻燃性能优异,热分解温度达到340～375℃,有着可观的经济价值和应用前景。     

丙烯酸建筑密封膏

介绍了一种水性丙烯酸密封膏的原材料选择、配方、生产工艺及技术性能。     

水热法制备3D花球状Bi2SiO5及其光催化油酸酯化反应

化石燃料资源的枯竭和环境污染等问题,使寻找生物燃料等可持续、可再生能源成为世界关注的焦点。本文通过简单水热法制备3D花球状Bi₂SiO₅,并用于在模拟太阳光照射下油酸与甲醇的光催化酯化反应。为了解Bi₂SiO₅催化剂的物理、化学和光学性质,采用X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）、氨-程序升温脱附（NH₃-TPD）和紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-vis DRS）对其进行表征,且通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析反应产物成分组成。酯化反应产物油酸甲酯的产率通过¹H NMR进行定量分析,计算过程简单、结果精确可靠。在模拟太阳光照射下,最优反应条件为：醇油比为12∶1、催化剂用量为5%（质量分数）、反应温度为70℃、光照反应时间为6h,油酸甲酯产率为28.8%。核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）分析结果显示油酸甲酯选择性高达100%,且催化剂循环3次后油酸甲酯产率仍可达26.8%,稳定性强。电子自旋共振（ESR）测试表明,Bi₂SiO₅光催化酯化反应过程中存在羟基自由基（·OH）和超氧基自由基（·O{}_{\mathrm{2}}^{-}）。基于Bi₂SiO₅首次用于光催化酯化反应,为解释其具有催化活性的原因,提出了其光催化酯化反应机理。